|
Rothe Erde is a district of Aachen, Germany with large-scale development in heavy industry. It is sub-district 34 of the Aachen-Mitte Stadtbezirk (which is roughly equivalent to a city borough). It lies between the districts of Forst and Eilendorf. == History and Economy == Rothe Erde is a historically important center for the steel industry. In 1845 the Wallonian Jacques Piedboeuf, together with Hugo Jakob Talbot and the mechanical engineers Johann Leonhard Neuman and Theodor Esser, founded the steelworks OHG ''Piedboeuf & Co, Aachener Walz- und Hammerwerk'' on the site of a former estate. It remained until being taken over in 1851 by Carl Ruëtz, from which point it continued as the Kommanditgesellschaft ''Carl Ruëtz & Co – Aachener Hütten-Aktien-Verein Rothe Erde''. Carl Ruëtz purchased the former Paulinen steelworks in Dortmund in 1861, renaming it Rothe Erde Dortmund and handing the Aachen works over to mining industrialist Adolph Kirdorf. Because there was no blast furnace in Rothe Erde in which iron ore could be smelted, Kirdorf purchased several blast furnaces in 1892, as well as several coal operations in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg, which at the time belonged to the German Customs Union (Zollverein), and in Audun-le-Tiche, Lorraine, which had been part of the German Reich since 1871. He obtained coal and coke supplies from the ''Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG'' mine, where his brother Emil worked as the director of sales. Kirdorf's strategy paid off and even though by 1887 the company was first among German steelworks, having produced roughly 500,000 tons of rough steel, by 1890 this figure had risen to over a million steel ingots produced. On 1 January 1905, the steelworks entered into a partnership with the steelworks, which ended in a formal merger between the two in 1907 under the ''Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG'' mine. In 1906 the ''Eschweiler Drahtfabrik'', which produced wire, was also acquired after incurring serious damage as a result of a flood along the Inde River. After the First World War, with the subsequent collapse of the commodities market, the breakdown of mills and mines in the Lorraine, the exit of Luxembourg from the German Customs Union, and the loss of markets in eastern Germany resulting from Allied occupation of the Rhineland, Kirdof was pressured to sell the Aachen-based company to the French-Belgium-Luxembourger consortium ''Société Métallurgique des Terres Rouges'', operating under the leadership of the Luxembourger steel concern ARBED. In 1926 the factory site was decommissioned and demolished. From the waste product of smelting, phosphate slag was being converted into fertilizer as early as 1886 in a separate slag mill. About 150,000 tons of phosphate meal were produced for agriculture there annually. After the closure of the mill, the remaining slag mounds were acquired by a local businessman to be used in sports venues around Europe under the name of ''Original Aachener Rothe Erde'', including the Berlin Olympic Stadium built in 1936 and the former stadium of Borussia Dortmund, known as the ''Stadium Rothe Erde''. On the grounds of the smelting works, the tire manufacturer ''O. Englebert Fils & Co.'' was established in 1929, merging in 1958 with Uniroyal under the name ''Uniroyal Engelbert Deutschland AG''. After its takeover by Continental AG, the headquarters were moved to Hanover, but a production plant for tires remained in Rothe Erde. In 2009, the former administrative building was auctioned off to the highest bidder, and is used today by a variety of commercial endeavors. In 1949, the construction of the Rothe Erde industrial park began. The German division of Philips established an incandescent light and glass factory there, having taken over picture tube production in the area in 1954. Beginning around the turn of the century, and after Philips underwent changes to its operation, the industrial park Rothe Erde began to be used by a multitude of diverse businesses. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rothe Erde」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|